融雪劑的工作原理
2017-08-07 來自(zi): 山東(dong)九重(zhong)化工有限公司 瀏覽次(ci)數:1414
氯鹽(yan)類”融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi):“氯鹽(yan)類”融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)劑(ji)溶(rong)(rong)于(yu)水(shui)(雪(xue))后(hou)(hou)(hou),其(qi)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)點(dian)在(zai)(zai)零度下,如,氯化(hua)(hua)鈉 融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)劑(ji)(食鹽(yan)主要成(cheng)分(fen))溶(rong)(rong)于(yu)水(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)點(dian)在(zai)(zai)-10℃,氯化(hua)(hua)鈣在(zai)(zai)-20℃左右,醋(cu)酸(suan)類可達(da)-30℃左右。鹽(yan)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)凝固(gu)點(dian)比水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)凝固(gu)點(dian)低,因此在(zai)(zai)雪(xue)水(shui)中溶(rong)(rong)解了(le)鹽(yan)之后(hou)(hou)(hou)就(jiu)難(nan)以(yi)再形成(cheng)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)塊。此外(wai),融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)劑(ji)溶(rong)(rong)于(yu)水(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou),水(shui)中離子濃度上升,使水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液相蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)壓下降,但冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)壓不變。為達(da)到冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)水(shui)混(hun)和物固(gu)液蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)壓等的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)(tai),冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)便融(rong)(rong)化(hua)(hua)了(le)。這一(yi)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)也能(neng)很好地解釋了(le)鹽(yan)水(shui)不易(yi)結冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)理(li)(li)(li)。簡(jian)單地說(shuo),就(jiu)是(shi)融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)劑(ji)降低了(le)雪(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熔點(dian),使其(qi)更容易(yi)融(rong)(rong)化(hua)(hua)。 我們知道(dao)(dao),水(shui)是(shi)一(yi)種特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)物質,即結冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)后(hou)(hou)(hou)密度變小(xiao)(一(yi)般物質固(gu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)密度大(da)于(yu)液態(tai)(tai)(tai)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)密度),因此,壓強越大(da),冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熔點(dian)越低。常常見到,車輪碾(nian)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)雪(xue)往往易(yi)于(yu)融(rong)(rong)化(hua)(hua)就(jiu)是(shi)這個道(dao)(dao)理(li)(li)(li)。積雪(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)路面上灑上融(rong)(rong)雪(xue)劑(ji)后(hou)(hou)(hou),再經車輛(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碾(nian)壓就(jiu)更易(yi)使雪(xue)融(rong)(rong)化(hua)(hua)。